Role of GIS in Human Healthcare Planning to Mitigate Poliovirus, Malaria, and COVID-19 Diseases: A Systematic Literature Review

Geographic Information System (GIS) is a framework that offers a variety of tools that can be used to display, analyze, and monitor global health issues and diseases. GIS also assists in exploring the possibilities of improvement in the accessibility, management, and delivery of healthcare through geographical, medical, and healthcare data. Initiatives and programs are launched globally by countries and international health organizations to provide better healthcare to underdeveloped regions using GIS. It is imperative to understand the behavior and occurrence of health issues in connection with geographical information to mitigate diseases such as polio, malaria, and COVID-19. The principal objective of this systematic literature review is to provide an overview of the applications and advantages of GIS in healthcare. This review is based on journal papers, books, and research-based articles from the year 2000 to 2024 that discuss the use of GIS in monitoring and prevention of diseases such as polio, COVID-19, and malaria. Statistical and spatial analyses through maps, graphs, and tables from the selected research studies to differentiate and identify the methodologies used with their attributes.