Research Status of Gallbladder Remnant Stones

“胆囊残株结石”的概念自1912年由Florcken提出，根据定义，初次胆囊切除术时，胆囊管长度≥ 1厘米被认为是残余胆囊症。胆囊残株结石是指在胆囊切除术后，在胆囊残株组织中形成或遗留的结石，这种情况相对来说比较罕见，但可能导致严重的并发症，影响生活质量。近年来，随着胆囊结石发病率的升高，胆囊切除术的普及以及小切口胆囊切除术和腹腔镜胆囊切除术的广泛应用，残余胆囊结石的发生率有上升趋势，已成为一个不可忽视的问题。随着微创手术技术的不断发展，诊断及治疗胆囊残株结石的方法也在不断进步，对胆囊残株结石这一疾病的认识也不断增加。本文旨在探讨胆囊残株结石的相关研究现状，并结合近年来的研究进展，分析该领域的未来发展方向，为临床实践提供参考。The concept of “remnant gallbladder stones” was first proposed by Florcken in 1912. By definition, a gallbladder duct length ≥ 1 cm during initial cholecystectomy is considered diagnostic of remnant gallbladder syndrome. Remnant gallbladder stones refer to calculi that form or remain in residual gallbladder tissue after cholecystectomy, a relatively rare condition that may lead to severe complications and significantly impact quality of life. In recent years, with the rising incidence of gallstone disease, increased prevalence of cholecystectomy procedures, and extensive application of minimally invasive techniques such as mini-incision cholecystectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the occurrence rate of remnant gallbladder stones has shown an upward trend, emerging as a noteworthy clinical concern. Concurrently with advancements in minimally invasive surgical techniques, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for remnant gallbladder stones have been progressively refined, while clinical understanding of this condition has continued to deepen. This article aims to review current research on remnant gallbladder stones, analyze future development directions in this field based on recent research progress, and provide references for clinical practice.