Philosophy or science of societies?

While ambitious, interesting, and generally corresponding to usage in archaeology history, and anthropology, Moffett's paper seems more philosophy of science (conceptual analysis) than science (their use in explanations). It avoids explanations of how "markers of identity" and "their recognition" are acquired (e.g., by biological evolution, individual learning, social learning, or sociocultural evolution) and what the concept of "a society" explains.