Multidisciplinary Management of Hemoptysis Due to Pulmonary Vein Stenosis

Pulmonary vein stenosis is a rare but serious complication after atrial fibrillation ablation. We present a 41-year-old man with a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and dilated cardiomyopathy who developed new-onset hemoptysis and ground-glass opacities on imaging, months after his ablation procedure. Differential diagnoses included vasculitis, infection, and interstitial lung disease, all of which were ruled out. A dedicated pulmonary vein protocol computed tomography scan confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade stenosis of the left upper pulmonary vein. Due to the patient's asymptomatic status posthemoptysis, conservative management was pursued. This case underscores the importance of considering pulmonary vein stenosis in patients with similar presentations and highlights the role of interdisciplinary management in select cases.