Challenges Faced by Students in Developing Mathematical Literacy Skills in the Indonesia-Malaysia Border Area

Mathematical literacy skills play a crucial role in meeting the demands of the modern world. However, developing these skills causes significant challenges, particularly in the Indonesia-Malaysia border region. This study aims to identify and analyze the specific challenges prospective primary education teachers face in developing mathematical literacy skills while teaching basic mathematical concepts in the border area. The research employs a qualitative design using semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and classroom observations for in-depth data collection. The subjects of the study are 55 undergraduate students enrolled in the Primary Education Study Program, which takes the “Basic Concepts of Mathematics II course. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify themes and patterns related to the challenges in developing mathematical literacy skills. The findings reveal that the challenges faced by prospective primary education students are centered on two aspects, namely, knowledge of mathematical literacy skills and the implementation of teaching methods in developing mathematical literacy skills.