Clamp-based steel connections for structural reusability: Experimental and finite element analysis in the elastic range

This study explores the mechanical performance of steel clamp-based connections under various loading conditions using experimental testing and finite element modeling (FEM). Test parameters included the number of clamps and bracket sizes, with configurations ranging from two to four clamps applied to bracket structures measuring from 180 mm to 260 mm in length. Each clamp system and structural configuration were designed to enhance reusability, aligning with sustainable construction practices. High-strength grade 8.8 bolts and S235 steel were selected to ensure durability. Experimental tests were performed using a hydraulic press to apply monotonic loads, allowing for the observation of stress distribution and deformation patterns within the elastic range. This approach ensures material integrity, enabling the potential reuse of the tested profiles. FEM models were developed and validated against experimental data, demonstrating high correlation and accurate load-displacement responses. Results indicate that three- and four-clamp configurations improve load distribution and reduce stress concentrations, particularly in larger, more robust structures. The parametric analysis indicates that configurations with fewer clamps offer a cost-effective solution for moderate-load applications, whereas a four-clamp configuration in larger structures enhances load capacity and minimizes deformation under high-stress conditions. This study reinforces the viability of clamp-based systems as a sustainable alternative to traditional welded or bolted connections. These systems align with circular economy principles by facilitating the reuse of structural components.