ANTHROPOGENIZATION OF WATER BODIES OF CERTAIN TERRITORIES OF THE INTERZONAL GEOECOTON “LYSOSTEP-STEP” OF UKRAINE AS AN EXAMPLE OF THE GAYVORON OLD INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT

Problem Statement and Purpose: systematization of information and analysis of the current state of water resource use in the territory of the interzonal geoecotone “forest-steppe-steppe” of Ukraine within the boundaries of the Hayvoron old industrial district. The purpose of the study: substantiation of measures aimed at the rational use of water resources of the territory of the interzonal geoecotone “forest-steppe-steppe” of Ukraine within the boundaries of the Hayvoronsky old industrial district. Data & Methods. The data presented in the article were obtained using the method of analysis of archival, statistical and cartographic materials, as well as from own field and analytical studies, which made it possible to analyze the process of anthropogenization of water bodies of the studied territory and determine the temporal patterns of their development. Results. The territory of the Gaivoron old industrial district has a rather extensive river network. The Southern Bug with its tributaries, which belongs not only to the largest rivers of Haivoronshchyna, but also to Ukraine in general. The distribution of rivers and the density of the river network are determined primarily by the features of the relief, climate, lithological composition of rocks and the economic activity of the population. The main feature of the territory of the Southern Bug basin, within the boundaries of the Gaivoronsk old industrial district, is significant regulation of the flow by artificial reservoirs. Despite the relatively significant number of rivers, Hayvoron region is not sufficiently provided with local water resources, hydrogeological conditions are not favorable for the formation of underground water reserves, since the specified territory is located in the zone of the Ukrainian crystalline massif. This is the reason that about 30% of the drilled wells are waterless, others have low flow rates, which makes it possible to meet mainly only the needs of agricultural production. This is explained by the significant anthropogenic impact associated with the discharge of wastewater from enterprises and farms of various forms of ownership into the river. In the conditions of a significant rainfall deficit in the region and the continuation of the low-water period, which has already lasted for more than 15 years, the issue of rational use of water resources is of particular importance. The lack of “high water” leads to the shallowing of rivers, does not allow to wash the channels and accumulate the necessary amount of water. The situation is very complex, it has long been in need of a deeper study and decisive actions to improve the water quality of the river.