IR spectroscopic studies of the structure of textile materials dyed with natural dyes

This work is devoted to the study of the possibilities of using plant extracts for dyeing fabrics, in order to increase the environmental friendliness and stability of colouring in comparison with traditional synthetic dyes. Jujugine extract, which has bright dyeing properties, was chosen as the starting material for the study. The main objective of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of different methods of dyeing fabrics using plant extracts, and to study ways of improving colour fastness by using natural and synthetic fixing agents such as alum. The methodology of the study includes extraction of dyes from the plant, application of the extract to fabrics and application of alum to improve the fastness. Methods such as infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy) and visual assessment of colour intensity and stability under different conditions (washing, exposure to light, etc.) were used to analyse changes in fabric structure and dyes. The results of the study showed that jujugin extracts can serve as effective natural dyes, and the addition of alum significantly improves their durability, especially in prolonged contact with water and sunlight. The study confirmed the high prospectivity of the use of plant extracts in the textile industry, which helps to reduce the use of synthetic chemicals and improve the environmental sustainability of production. The contribution of the work is to expand the knowledge of the use of natural dyes, as well as to develop methods to improve their performance characteristics. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of implementing the results obtained in the production of environmentally friendly and resistant textile products, which is of great importance for the sustainable development of the industry.