Extreme heat in focus: comparing media narratives from the Philippines and Hong Kong

Abstract As extreme heat events escalate and emerge as significant global phenomena with severe local repercussions, the role of news media in reporting these incidents becomes pivotal. Online news reporting enhances public awareness regarding the effects of extreme heat and informs strategies for coping and adaptation. Consequently, evaluating online media narratives that shape public perceptions and behaviours toward extreme heat is imperative. This study presents a comparative qualitative analysis of online news articles about extreme heat published between 2010 and June 2024 by news organisations in Hong Kong and Manila. This timeframe corresponds with the increasing intensity and frequency of global heatwaves. We examine the way online news media frames extreme heat as a hazard by analysing how they communicate impacts, vulnerabilities, coping strategies, and the roles of various actors in facilitating adequate adaptation. Both cities exhibit a trend of more frequent reporting on heatwaves as they occur and the responsibilities of involved actors. In Hong Kong, information primarily circulates regarding the characteristics of extreme heat occurrences, such as temperature, alongside relevant enhancements of early warnings. In contrast, Manila focuses on informing the public about the current measures to respond to and mitigate the effects of heat. The findings reveal a significant evolution within online news media, transitioning from a primary focus on informing the public about the impacts of extreme heat to actively engaging in risk preparedness and response. This shift is characterised by an enhanced communication of adaptation strategies and an increased urgency to mitigate the adverse effects of extreme heat. Further research is warranted to explore the roles of other digital platforms, such as social media, across the various phases of extreme heat risk management.