Determination, Mobility and Risk Assessment of Pesticides in Ginseng Wine Using Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Micro Extraction Combined with GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS

The simultaneous determination of 166 pesticides using dispersive liquid–liquid micro extraction combined with gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (DLLME–GC-MS/MS+LC-MS/MS) is presented here. In this work, DLLME was extended to complex residues in the ginseng wine matrix. This study first focused on the selection of an appropriate solvent that enabled the dissolution of analytes from ginseng wine. The matrix-matched calibration curves showed good linearity in the range of 2–100 µg L−1 for all pesticides, with coefficients of determination of 0.977–1. The mean recoveries were in the range of 3–124%, with 133 pesticides in the range of 60–130%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were between 0.4% and 31.4%. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) were within the ranges of 0.14–140 and 0.5–470 ng L−1, respectively. Therefore, this analytical method contributes to residue analyses of 133 pesticides for the routine laboratory testing of ginseng wine. Research was also carried out by soaking the pesticide-positive samples in ginseng wine to monitor the migration and degradation of pesticides. The results showed that, the migration rates of thifluzamidewaslower than 60%, cyprodinil was 73.7, while azoxystrobin, pyrimethanil, carbendazim, dimethomorph, difenoconazole, pyraclostrobin, propiconazole, quintozene, pentachloroaniline, tebuconazole and phoximwere between 75% and 95%. Quintozene was more easily degraded into pentachloroaniline in the wine.