Taxonomic and nomenclatural issues revisited in the New World Scarabaeinae dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae)

In this work I treat and revise some taxonomic and nomenclatural issues that arose in recent years. The current phylogenetic hypothesis considers Canthon Hoffmannsegg, 1817, Boreocanthon Halffter, 1958 stat. rev. and Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887 stat. nov. forming a monophyletic group, with the two latter taxa monophyletic and nested within the former. Consequently, both Boreocanthon and Pseudocanthon are proposed as subgenera within the genus Canthon Hoffmannsegg, 1817. Accordingly, the following new combinations are established: Canthon (Boreocanthon) halffteri (Edmonds, 2022) comb. nov., Canthon (Pseudocanthon) caeranus (Matthews, 1966) comb. nov., Canthon (Pseudocanthon) chaquensis (Nazaré-Silva & Silva, 2021) comb. nov., Canthon (Pseudocanthon) chlorizans Bates, 1887 comb. nov., Canthon (Pseudocanthon) iuanalaoi (Matthews, 1966) comb. nov., Canthon (Pseudocanthon) jamaicensis (Matthews, 1966) comb. nov., Canthon (Pseudocanthon) pantanensis (Nazaré-Silva & Silva, 2021) comb. nov., Canthon (Pseudocanthon) perplexus LeConte, 1847 comb. nov., Canthon (Pseudocanthon) sylvaticus (Matthews, 1966) comb. nov., Canthon (Pseudocanthon) vazdemelloi (Nazaré-Silva & Silva, 2021) comb. nov., Canthon (Pseudocanthon) vitraci Fleutiaux & Sallé, 1889 comb. nov., and Canthon (Pseudocanthon) xanthurus Blanchard, 1847 comb. nov. Based on recently published phylogenetic surveys, the subgenus Notiophanaeus Edmonds, 1994 stat. rev. is proposed as a junior subjective synonymy of Phanaeus MacLeay, 1819. Finally, new morphological evidences help to consider Phanaeus panamensis Moctezuma & Halffter, 2021 stat. rev. as a valid species, while Phanaeus dionysius Kohlmann, Arriaga-Jiménez and Rös, 2018 syn. rev. is confirmed to be a junior subjective synonymy of Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006.