Disruptions in Adult Neurogenesis: Mechanisms, Pathways, and Therapeutic Strategies for Cognitive Decline and Neurodegenerative Diseases in Aging

Adult neurogenesis is a fundamental mechanism underlying brain plasticity, enabling essential cognitive processes such as learning, memory, and emotional regulation.However, its capacity declines progressively with age, contributing to the cognitive deficits commonly observed in older populations. 5As a result, there is growing interest in understanding how neurogenesis can be enhanced to counteract age-related cognitive decline and in developing innovative therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.Recent advances in neurobiology have elucidated the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing neurogenesis across various brain regions, highlighting its complex interplay with both intrinsic genetic factors and extrinsic environmental influences.This review synthesizes current knowledge on the regu-