High-Efficiency ICG Molecular Vibration Therapy for Bradyarrhythmia Using Cardiomyocyte-Based Biosensing

Bradyarrhythmia is a major cause of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Currently, medication and/or surgery are the conventional clinical therapeutic strategies for bradyarrhythmia, whereas drug side effects, invasive surgery, or potential complications limit their extensive application. Therefore, the development of alternative therapies for bradyarrhythmia is urgently needed. Herein, we propose a universal and efficient drug-mimicking strategy to treat bradyarrhythmia, which relies on the photothermal properties of near-infrared-triggered indocyanine green (ICG). An <i>in situ</i> integrated cell-based biosensing-regulating platform was developed to assess treatment efficacy by dynamically analyzing the cardiomyocyte electrophysiology activities. These findings indicate that the thermal vibration of ICG can efficiently enhance the electrophysiology of cardiomyocytes with bradyarrhythmia and maintain a rhythmic state for a long time, which is superior to that of Au nanorod plasmonic localized heating. Moreover, qualitative investigations confirmed that thermal stimulation is a pivotal factor in enhancing cardiomyocyte electrophysiological activity during photothermal treatment. This study provides a noninvasive drug-mimicking treatment strategy for bradyarrhythmia and establishes a reliable cell-based biosensing-regulating platform for electrophysiological assessment and drug screening, contributing to the further development of bradyarrhythmia therapies.