Failure of Dental Implants and its Association with IL-10 A/G rs1800896 and TNF-α G308A rs1800629308 Polymorphisms, Systematic Review, and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials

The general objective of this work was to evaluate the IL-10 A/G rs1800896 and TNF-α G308A rs1800629308 polymorphisms with the loss of one or more dental implants through a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. The PRISMA guidelines established for systematic reviews and meta-analyses were followed. It was carried out on randomized controlled clinical trials, epidemiological studies obtained from the MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, IBECS and Cochrane databases. The initial search returned 593 results. 28 articles were selected, and we excluded 12 studies that did not describe the genetic polymorphism we were looking for related to dental implant survival. Therefore, we included 4 articles in this review. We analyzed all these different categories of genes with their respective polymorphisms (IL-1A [-889], IL-1B [+3954], IL-1B [+3953], IL-1B [-511], IL-4 [+33 ], IL-4 [-590], IL-6 [-174], IL-10 [-1082], IL-10 [-819], IL-10 [-592], IL-1 receptor antagonist [IL-1ra]), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α [-308]). There are very few comprehensive studies that have the same methodologies and similar data analyzes to be able to compare them that include the types of SNPs altered in the gene related to reduced implant survival to perform the meta-analysis. This systematic review confirms results that are still controversial due to the limited sample size, the definition in the terminology dental implant failure not yet defined equally in all studies, and the non-homogeneous inclusion and exclusion criteria, which include race, age, smoking, occlusion trauma, and periodontal disease.