Multi-UE Cooperative Time Synchronization Based on Proximity Services

With the advancement of mobile communication and industrial internet technologies, the demand for time syn-chronization in various scenarios has significantly increased. This paper investigates a multi-UE cooperative time synchronization scheme based on Proximity Services (ProSe). Leveraging ProSe's off-network operation and direct communication capabilities, the proposed method utilizes the Pairwise Broadcast Synchronization (PBS) protocol for time information transmission. This approach aims to achieve reliable time synchronization in emergency rescue scenarios, particularly where infrastructure may be compro-mised. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme improves synchronization accuracy and convergence speed compared to existing methods. Additionally, the incorpo-ration of Kalman filtering enhances the estimation precision. The findings indicate that this approach holds significant potential for applications in public safety, emergency rescue, and industrial automation, paving the way for more reliable and efficient time synchronization in critical scenarios.