The Efficiency Measurement and Spatial Spillover Effect of Green Technology Innovation in Chinese Industrial Enterprises

Green technology innovation (GTI) is the core force driving the sustainable and advanced progression of the economy. Accurately assessing the green technology innovation efficiency (GTIE) of Chinese industrial firms will help promote the green transformation and development of industrial firms. Based on the three-stage DEA(3S-DEA) model, the article measures the GTIE of Chinese industrial firms from 2013 to 2022. Then, its spatial distribution characteristics and spatial spillover effects were analyzed using the spatial Durbin model (SDM). The study shows that after excluding environmental elements and stochastic interference, the value of GTIE of industrial firms shows the trend of east > central > northeast > west; the GTIE of industrial firms has significant spatial correlation, and there are differences in direct and spillover effects under different spatial weight matrices. The level of economic development, industrialization, openness, and information infrastructure has a remarkable positive influence on the GTIE of industrial firms, while government support does not show a significant effect.