Impacts of Fertilization Regimes on Cabbage Growth Based on the CROPGRO Model

Effective fertilization management is crucial for enhancing the yield and quality of cabbage ( Brassica oleracea L.). This study uses the CROPGRO model, calibrated with field data from 2021 and validated using 2022–23 data, to determine optimal fertilization regimes. The simulations reveal that nitrogen applications of 180 to 220 kg·hm −2 are ideal for maximizing head weight, whereas 300 kg·hm −2 of nitrogen is optimal for protein content, and 100 to 140 kg·hm −2 for the best harvest index. The most effective fertilization strategy involves applying 210 kg·hm −2 of nitrogen, along with 105 kg·hm −2 of phosphorus and 210 kg·hm −2 of potassium, during the seedling and maturity stages. This regime enhances nutrient use efficiency and supports sustainable agricultural practices.