Conhecimento tradicional de pescadores artesanais sobre serviços ecossistêmicos da pesca no Pantanal (MT)

The main objective of this research was to identify and classify ecosystem services (ESs) and biodiversity related to fishing, based on fishermen traditional ecological knowledge from traditional riverine communities (TRC) along the Cuiabá River, one of the main Pantanal tributaries´s, considering the local scale and the entire watershed. A total of 30 fishermen from three TRCs were interviewed, 02 located in the middle portion and 01 in the lower part of the river, with structured and semi-structured questions and a free list technique. The results allowed the identification of the 04 types of ESs (provision, regulation, cultural and support), including those that ensure food security, 79 of fish and 35 of fruit trees (fish food) ethnospecies, in addition to the different fishing strategies and baits. The ESs identified depend on the local ecosystems and the entire watershed (high, middle and lowland parts). The urban pressure and the Manso hydroelectric plant were the main factors that reduced the benefits of the ESs and that mainly affect the TRC of the middle part of the Cuiabá River. The sustainable ways TRC´s life indicate the importance of strengthening these communities as part of the strategy for the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems.