An investigation on satellite internet: architecture, operation modes, and key technologies

Satellite Internet can provide Internet services through satellite communication technology, which can be integrated with traditional communication systems to achieve global coverage of communication services. This article systematically explores Satellite Internet technology and its future development trends. First, the basic components and operational modes of Satellite Internet are introduced, including the space segment, ground segment, and user segment. Then the characteristics and application scenarios of three operational modes are elaborated in detail, including Satellite-Terrestrial Network, Space-Based Network and Space Network-Terrestrial Network. Next, a thorough exploration of the key technologies of the Satellite Internet space segment and ground segment are conducted. Subsequently, the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) are emphasized in the field of Satellite Internet. Finally, various bottleneck issues and potential solutions are discussed.