Evolution of water cycle and its response to climate change

The relationship between hydrological cycle and climate change is one of the most complex and key research topics in the earth science system. Under the background of global warming, ecological problems such as drought, flood and sea level rise occur frequently. In the face of rapid climate change, in-depth study of the geological evolution of the water cycle is of great significance for understanding the driving mechanism of climate change and predicting future climate trends. Based on this, this paper systematically discusses the influencing factors of water cycle and its interaction with climate change from a mul-ti-faceted perspective. Temperature, vegetation growth and monsoon system have significant effects on water cycle at different scales. In order to quantita-tively characterize the water cycle rate and its response to climate change, this paper summarizes a variety of climate-sensitive sediments and geochemical in-dicators that can record changes in the ancient water cycle. In addition, this paper also reviews two typical extreme climate events in the Earth 's history, the Paleocene-Eocene extreme heat event and the Late Paleozoic ice age, in or-der to explore the differences of water cycle under different climate back-grounds. Through the comparative analysis of the two events, this paper reveals that the water cycle response has spatial and temporal differences, and it is nec-essary to start a comprehensive exploration from multiple perspectives.