Experimental and Statistical Analyses of Machining Parameters in High-Speed Steel Turning of EN08 Steel

The paper contains an experimental investigation of high-speed turning EN08 medium carbon steel by applying a high-speed steel tool on output surface roughness and cutting force parameters. The cut depth, speed of cutting, and feed variables were determined with Taguchi L27 orthogonal array for optimizing the process, whereas its impact was established statistically based on ANOVA. The outcomes showed that the cut depth of 38.32% and feed rate of 20.18% dominate the cutting force, whereas the cutting speed of 90.88% dominates the roughness of the surface. Machining factors that minimized the force of cutting and improved the surface finish were 0.20 mm cut depth, 200 m/min cutting speed, and a feed rate of 0.08 mm/rev. A higher spindle speed reduced the primary cutting force by weakening the workpiece material through thermal effects. The research also points out that a high rate of feed and cut depth contributes to a higher force of cutting and surface roughness, which may result in micro-cracks and surface irregularities.