Improving urban delivery with extended cargo bikes: a simulation-based study on the impact of double-parking on urban traffic flow

Abstract This study investigates the impact of double-parking during pickup and delivery activities in urban areas for an innovative extended cargo bike concept consisting of a bicycle and up to five trailers. Microscopic traffic flow simulations in VISSIM explore various scenarios, considering different stopping positions, stopping durations, traffic volumes, and vehicle configurations. To evaluate their impact on urban traffic, we compare the extended cargo bike to a conventional delivery van. The results show that one-way operation leads to lower delay times while oncoming traffic significantly increases delay times. The extended cargo bike outperforms conventional delivery vans when stopping on the bicycle lane which is possible because of its smaller width. Stopping times exceeding 10 min lead to deteriorating levels of service of road traffic and reduced travel speeds. We validated the simulation results with real world observations, finding similar results. This study emphasizes the need for efficient urban delivery solutions to minimize traffic disruptions and create more livable cities. With its adaptability and potential for multiple trailers, the extended cargo bike holds a promise for last-mile delivery improvements, contributing to sustainable and congestion-free urban logistics.