The two-dose MVA-BN mpox vaccine induces a nondurable and low avidity MPXV-specific antibody response
The ongoing outbreaks of mpox demonstrate the continuing threat of orthopoxviruses to global health. While previous orthopoxvirus vaccines generated lifelong antibody and cellular immunity, we show here that the current mpox vaccine, MVA-BN or JYNNEOS, fails to induce durable antibody immunity in individuals with no prior smallpox vaccination. This raises the important question of whether MVA-BN vaccinees have long-term protection from mpox. Our work highlights the need for further studies into the durability of protection generated by MVA-BN as well as whether subsequent booster doses are necessary to maintain protection.
Authors
- Ashley Dumont (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0280-1624)
- Ralf Duerr (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9569-9237)
- Ramin S. Herati (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2613-4050)
- Jane R. Zucker
- Hayley M. Belli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0816-6844)
- Aaron L. Oom (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3300-0333)
- Marie I. Samanovic (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6987-2232)
- Jennifer B. Rosen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8892-340X)
- Angelica C Kottkamp (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4103-1666)
- Mark J. Mulligan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7262-9746)
- Michael Tuen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3421-9323)
- Stephanie Rettig
- Miilani Yonatan
- Kesi K. Wilson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9619-893X)
- Yusra Shah
- Heekoung Youn
Institutions
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (US)
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (US)
- New York University (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Virology
- Published
- 2025-04-14
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00253-25
- Citations
- 16
- Primary Topic
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 16.58
Funders
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
- Blavatnik Family Foundation
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases