CHARACTERIZATION OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE, SILVER, AND MAGNESIUM COATINGS ON TITANIUM BIOMEDICAL IMPLANT SUBSTRATES BY FLAME SPRAY METHOD.

Background: In this work, the behavior of calcium phosphate (CaP) as a coating on titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) bases was investigated as a composite material for both silver and magnesium and silver and magnesium together using flame spray technology. Aims: characterization of calcium phosphate, silver, and magnesium coatings on titanium biomedical implant substrates. Methods: using flame spray technology. Results: Hydroxyapatite (HAP) was observed in all coating layers, and extra peaks were observed for the silver and magnesium in the XRD (X-ray diffraction) patterns of the coated layers. The thickness of the coating layers was (107.8, 108.7, 106.5, 206.7) nm. and the average grain size was (44.12, 43.80, 44.6, 34.92) nm for calcium phosphide, calcium phosphide and silver, calcium phosphide and magnesium, calcium phosphide, silver and magnesium together, respectively. As for wettability angle measurements, it was 50.101 degrees for the Ti6Al4V substrate and 8.886 degrees for calcium phosphide as a coating, and for the other coating layers, it was equal to zero. As for the adhesion test measurements, all samples were less than 5%, meaning a B4 classification according to ASTM. Likewise, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis shows the presence of Ca, P, Ag, and Mg. Discussion: In the XRD (X-ray diffraction), it's clear that the severity of the peaks increased for (Cap Ag Mg). In contrast, a decrease in the width of the peaks signifies the highest degree of crystallinity and crystallite growth. The morphology of the nanostructure is displayed in the field emission scanning electron microscopy pictures, and the surface morphology of the coatings is shown as the shape of the particles. The contact angle decreased because coatings contributed to greater water absorption and reduced the contact angle. From the adhesion test, the coating layer has a good bond to the substrate surface. Conclusions: These coating layer properties can improve both the biocompatibility and bioactivity of prosthetic medical implants, thus enhancing the osseointegration capacity.