OBSTETRIC AND GYNECOLOGICAL DISEASES OF PREGNANT RESIDENTS IN HIGH MOUNTAIN CONDITIONS OF OSH REGION

Background: One of the pressing problems of modern obstetrics is diseases during pregnancy. Pregnant women living in high mountains are exposed to adverse factors, the most important of which is the reduced oxygen content in the air. Hypertension in pregnant women in high altitude conditions is combined with exogenous hypobaric hypoxia and, as a total organ pathology, leads to functional and morphological changes in all organs and systems. The development of pregnancy in women living in high mountains correlates with adaptive changes in the form of a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. The development of pregnancy in high altitude conditions, against the background of arterial hypotension and anemia, is accompanied by aggravation of fetoplacental insufficiency (FPI), causing additional hemic hypoxia in the pregnant woman and fetus, as well as in the newborn in the postpartum period. Aim: To analyze the structure and dynamics of obstetric and gynecological morbidity among pregnant women living in high mountains. Methods: The authors studied morbidity rates in pregnant women in two districts of Osh region for 2019-2023. The participants were divided into two groups: group 1 consisted of 48 pregnant women living in high mountains, and group 2 consisted of 76 pregnant women living in low mountains. Results: Higher morbidity rates were found in pregnant women-mountaineers compared to those in low mountains. Discussion: The study reveals significant differences in morbidity patterns between high-mountain and low-mountain residents, particularly in relation to anemia occurrence. These findings align with existing literature on the effects of high-altitude environments on pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions: In pregnant women living in high mountains, the incidence of anemia is higher than in those in low mountains. The results obtained can be used to develop recommendations for improving medical care for pregnant women in high mountains and reducing the level of obstetric and gynecological diseases.