PAPEL DA CIRURGIA DE REVASCULARIZAÇÃO MIOCÁRDICA NA SÍNDROME CORONARIANA AGUDA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA SOBRE INDICAÇÕES E PROGNÓSTICO

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains one of the leading causes of cardiovascular mortality worldwide, requiring prompt therapeutic interventions. Although angioplasty is often the preferred approach, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is essential in certain emergency scenarios, particularly when there is complex coronary anatomy, failed percutaneous intervention, or severe hemodynamic instability. This integrative review aimed to evaluate the role of CABG in ACS, focusing on clinical indications and prognosis. Evidence shows that, despite higher operative risks in acute settings, CABG can lead to better outcomes in selected patients, especially when complete revascularization and arterial grafts are achieved. The study also emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary assessment and risk stratification tools in the surgical decision-making process. In conclusion, CABG plays a critical role in emergency cardiac care, highlighting the need for specific guidelines and further research to support evidence-based indications.