Phytochemistry, bioactive potential and chemical characterization of culturable freshwater microalgae Chlorococcum infusionum (Schrank) Meneghini

Global attention on microalgae has attained an excellent level for its high values of nutrients and numerous bioactive molecules. Chlorococcum is a cultivable alga with enormous biological and commercial applications. The present study aims to profile the species Chlorococcum infusionum for its phytochemical and biological potentialities. The species was cultured at 25±2 °C with a light intensity of 2500 lux (maximum) and a 7.3-7.5 pH level using Bold’s Basal Medium and obtained 0.9-1.2 g/L dry biomass. The proximate experiment is witnessed with high values of carbohydrate (67.7±0.00%), protein (26.9±0.12%), moisture (8.41±1.37%), and fiber (12.00±1.45%). The FTIR fingerprinting analysis determined the existence of macromolecular pools. It included the various functional groups originating from polysaccharides, amino acids, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, nitriles, alcohols, and amines. The GCMS analysis of this species encompasses 19 compounds, of which 13 are well known for their bio-potentialities. Significant antimicrobial activities are noticed against E. coli (14±0.57 mm) and P. syringae (14±0.57 mm) at 75 µg/mL concentration. Also, it exhibited notable antioxidant ability (IC50 = 28.17 ± 1.45 µg/mL) and cytotoxicity (IC50 = 36.12±1.55 µg/mL). The fallout of this present attempt states that C. infusionum could be a promising alternative resource for other microalgae to increase large-scale productivity in response to providing sustainable life from nature.