THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES BY UKRAINIAN JOURNALISTS WHILE WORKING IN A WAR ZONE

The article explores the use of digital technologies by Ukrainian journalists while performing their professional duties in the context of armed conflict. It describes key tools and platforms used for gathering, verifying, and disseminating information, as well as for assessing and minimizing risks related to digital security, information protection, and source confidentiality. The study examines the necessity of adhering to ethical standards that media professionals must uphold while working in the digital sphere. The paper analyzes the impact of technological innovations on journalism, particularly in the context of an intensive information flow. It examines issues of cybersecurity, data encryption, mobile communication applications, and digital fact-checking platforms, as well as the use of OSINT methods (open-source intelligence) for verifying videos, photos, and eyewitness accounts. The study highlights fact-checking platforms such as Bellingcat, StopFake, and Snopes, which help detect fake news and propaganda, as well as metadata analysis, satellite imagery, and geolocation to confirm the authenticity of materials. The article also explores the necessity of using VPNs, data encryption (PGP, Signal), and anonymous browsers (Tor) to protect information, along with two-factor authentication and device security against cyberattacks. It emphasizes the importance of “digital hygiene” principles, including minimizing the digital footprint and using secure cloud storage. Special attention is given to the influence of digital technologies on the speed and accuracy of journalistic materials. The study examines the use of digital platforms for information dissemination in combat zones, particularly for reporting via streaming platforms, messengers, social media, and traditional media outlets. The research also highlights the importance of digital risk assessment, particularly regarding physical threats to journalists. These include physical dangers (shelling, landmines, abductions), legal threats (persecution, censorship, criminalization of journalistic activities), and psychological pressure (emotional burnout, post-traumatic stress disorder). Understanding these risks is crucial for any journalist before traveling to a conflict zone. The study is based on the latest theoretical insights and an analysis of the practical experience of Ukrainian reporters covering events in war zones, demonstrating the role of digital platforms in shaping public opinion.