STRUCTURE AND TYPOLOGY OF FAMILY IN THE PALANKA’S TOWN NOVYI KODAK IN 1764 YEAR

Structure features of different social groups in the Zaporizhian town Novyi Kodak (New Kodak) in 1764 year are analyzed. Actuality is related with special life conditions on the South of Ukraine during the period of Nova Zaporizka Sich (New Zaporizhian Host). These conditions could make an influence on the creation of separate family model in this region. Analysis of historiography testified that argued questions did not explored apart before. Spovidnyi rozpys (Сonfessional list) of the town Novyi Kodak by 1764 year were used as the main source. As the main research methodology were used classification of family structures according to Peter Laslett's typology and analyzing of other criteria like: number of generations in the family; fertility index; number of children in the family; share of families with servants and servants. Obtained indicators were compared with the corresponding ones for Hetmansсhyna (Left-Bank Ukraine) by the same period. Author makes the conclusion that families on the territory of Volnosti Viiska Zaporizkogo [Liberties of the Zaporizhian Host] in the town Novyi Kodak were differed from families in Hetmanate. Family size was smaller than in Hetmanate (on average – 5 people, not 9.2) and percent of nuclear families were higher (64% versus 43.2%). In contrast to the Hetmansсhyna, in Zaporizhzhia the Cossacks preferred simple families to complex ones (84.6% versus 31.9%). In addition, in Novyi Kodak there were much more so called “mansion people” and servants (3.7 versus 0.2), and they more often had their own families. The above facts can be explained by: a) a large land fund on the colonized territory, b) the distribution of land by the Kish administration and not by the inheritance of land by children. Together these factors created an economic opportunities to make the new families and eliminated the need to live with parents. That’s why these factors increased the share of nuclear families. The larger share of “mansion people” and servants could be related both to greater wealth compared to the Hetmanate, and to a greater need for additional labor due to smaller family sizes.