Content Validation and Content Validity Index Calculation for Teacher Innovativeness Instrument among Henan Private Universities in China

This paper aims to assess teacher innovativeness among Henan private universities in China with a valid measurement, the content validity index (CVI). Content validity is essential for substantiating the accuracy of an assessment tool such as questionnaires, particularly in the context of research. In this process, content validity was ensured through use of an expert panel approach comprising five individuals with expertise in the studied field. Therefore, teacher innovativeness in private universities, which consists of openness to change, creativity, risk-taking propensity, and flexibility to educational changes, was analyzed and tested using CVI. This research included five expert panels in the field of educational management in China and a 4-point relevance rating scale that has already been proven to have high efficacy was used in this study. There are two types of CVIs: the Scale-level Content Validity Index (S-CVI) and the item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI). Items scoring less than 1.00 on the I-CVI or less than 0.9 on the S-CVI were removed. The researcher found that the constructs of teacher innovativeness, including openness to change, creativity, risk-taking propensity, and flexibility, demonstrated strong content validity in assessing the extent of teacher innovativeness among Henan private universities in China. After this stage, further research on construct validity and reliability tests with the current scale is recommended. The results further confirm its suitability, indicating that this scale is applicable for researchers exploring studies that focus on teacher innovativeness within the context of private universities.