Visual Working Memory and Attention: From Theory to Neural Mechanisms

本文探讨了视觉工作记忆(VWM)与注意力的关系、理论基础、神经机制及未来研究方向。VWM是短暂存储视觉信息的系统，容量有限且具灵活性。注意力帮助选择和过滤信息，与VWM互相作用。经典理论关注存储结构和容量限制，现代理论强调动态过程和神经机制。神经研究表明，PFC和PPC在VWM和注意力中功能不同，小脑也参与视觉空间认知。未来研究将开发多模态同步记录平台，设计生态化实验范式，建立现实场景注意力分配预测模型。This paper investigates the relationship between visual working memory (VWM) and attention, theoretical foundations, neural mechanisms, and future research directions. VWM, a system for transient storage of visual information, is characterized by limited capacity and functional flexibility. Attention facilitates the selection and filtering of information, interacting bidirectionally with VWM. Classical theories primarily focus on static storage structures and capacity constraints, whereas modern theories emphasize dynamic resource allocation processes and the integration of neural mechanisms. Neuroimaging studies reveal distinct functional roles of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) in VWM and attentional control, with emerging evidence implicating the cerebellum in visuospatial cognition. Future research should prioritize the development of multimodal synchronous recording platforms, the design of ecologically valid experimental paradigms, and the establishment of predictive models for attentional allocation in real-world scenarios. Future research will develop multimodal synchronous recording platforms, design ecological experimental paradigms, and establish attention-allocation prediction models for real-world scenarios.