Bi-directional DC-DC Converter Topology for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Battery Management and BLDC Motor Speed Control using Hall Sensor

As the global shift towards electric vehicles (EVs) accelerates, the role of efficient battery energy storage systems becomes critical in addressing environmental and energy concerns. However, challenges such as battery deterioration caused by high power demands from acceleration need to be addressed to improve EV performance and longevity. This paper proposes a Bidirectional DC/DC Converter topology aimed at enhancing the operation of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) by efficiently managing the flow of energy between primary and secondary batteries (ES1 and ES2) while supporting an adjustable voltage bus. The converter operates in two modes: step-up (Dual- source low-voltage powering mode) and step-down (energy-regenerating high-voltage DC-link mode), allowing for bidirectional power flow. Additionally, the converter design enables energy transfer between any two low-voltage sources, offering improved versatility in power management. The paper also presents a comprehensive analysis of the power transmission mechanisms, circuit design, and operational modes. To validate the proposed system, a MATLAB-Simulink model is developed based on a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) flowchart, demonstrating the performance of the system. Furthermore, the integration of BLDC (Brushless DC) motor speed control via a Hall sensor is explored, highlighting its contribution to precise motor control in hybrid and electric vehicles. Simulation results and performance metrics underscore the efficiency and reliability of the proposed system in real-world applications.