Quantum theory of tribovoltaics

In order to assist in the design of novel nanogenerators based on the tribovoltaic effect, a quantum mechanical theory of tribovoltaics has been developed. Using both an atomistic model and a continuum model, electric charge transfer between two materials in close proximity was obtained, and it was found that the transverse tribovoltaic current depends on the velocity squared of the moving material to lowest order and weakens considerably with increasing separation. The tribovoltaic effect exists in addition to the static contact electrification and even when the two materials are identical.