Investigating the Main Factors Affecting Healthcare Workers’ Information Security Behaviors: An Empirical Study in Indonesia

Human factors significantly contribute to breaches in healthcare organizations, such as a lack of awareness regarding cybersecurity threats. This study aims to evaluate the information security behaviors of healthcare workers and identify critical demographic factors that influence them. The demographic factors examined in this study include age, gender, education level, type of profession, and frequently used devices to access health information systems (HIS). Information security behavior evaluated in this study consists of four dimensions: Device Protection, Password Management, Proactive Awareness, and Information Handling. This study employs quantitative methods. Data are collected through an online survey of 209 health workers in Indonesia. The data analysis process consists of two stages. The first stage is comparison group analysis using the Chi-square test to define significant factors in studied security behavior, and the second stage is multivariate analysis, which employs binary logistic regression to determine the most impactful variables. The findings show that, among the five characteristics examined, education level had the most significant effect on the information security behavior of healthcare workers in Indonesia. It underlines the necessity of education in sculpting security practices and awareness in an ever-changing digital world. This study recommends that while developing a security training and awareness program, the education level of healthcare workers should be considered to improve healthcare facilities' security posture and decrease data breach risks. As a result, governments and healthcare managers are encouraged to emphasize training programs as a strategic method of improving information security standards in the business.