Effect of Gd Substitution on the Structural, Morphological, and Optical Properties of Y₃Fe₅O₁₂ Nanoparticles

In this study, Y₃₋ₓGdₓFe₅O₁₂ (x = 0.0 and x = 0.4) nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized to examine the influence of Gd substitution on their structural, morphological, and optical properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of a garnet structure with an increase in lattice parameter due to Gd incorporation. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy identified Fe–O and Y–O/Gd–O stretching vibrations, indicating structural modifications. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a quasi-spherical morphology with increased particle size and enhanced agglomeration in the Gd-doped sample. UV-Vis spectroscopy demonstrated strong absorption in the UV and visible regions, with a red shift in the absorption edge upon Gd substitution. The results suggest that Gd incorporation alters the microstructure and optical behaviour of YIG, making it a promising candidate for magneto-optical and optoelectronic applications.