Extended description and taxonomic notes on two recently rediscovered Myrcia (Myrtaceae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Abstract In this paper, we present comprehensive data on two endemic and threatened species of Myrcia (Myrtaceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Both belong to Myrcia sect. Aulomyrcia and were previously known only from a few collections made in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Apart from the type specimens and our recent collections, each species has been recollected on only three occasions. Considering the last collections of each species, Myrcia colpodes was rediscovered by our team after a collection gap of 64 years, while M. rubiginosa was found after 16 years. Myrcia colpodes can be recognized by vinaceous, exfoliating bark on the trunk, strongly bullate leaves and relatively long, glabrous panicles. Myrcia rubiginosa is characterized by fissured, greyish-brown bark on the trunk, conspicuous brownish and tomentose indumentum on young leaves and inflorescences, and pendular panicles with relatively small flowers. Data provided here include updated morphological descriptions for the taxa, along with notes on their morphological affinities and geographic distribution. Their fruits are here described and illustrated for the first time.