An idiopathic case of multiple supernumerary teeth

ABSTRACT Supernumerary teeth are a developmental alteration in the number of teeth, commonly located in the maxilla and more frequent in males, in most cases, they are asymptomatic and can delay tooth eruption. Its etiology is still not well understood, and may be related to syndromic or nonsyndromic phenotypes, alterations in the modulation of signaling molecules, and an autosomal dominant inheritance relationship. This article reports a rare case of multiple supernumerary teeth in a nonsyndromic patient, discovered by radiographic finding. A 32-year-old male patient sought care for diagnostic evaluation of hyperdontia, observed in a previous radiographic examination, requested in private practice. A thorough investigation was performed on the systemic conditions and medical history of the patient and his family, including craniofacial changes and presence of multiple teeth in other family members, in which two members of his family had extra teeth, but in smaller quantity. Thus, after questioning and clinical evaluation, the absence of systemic diseases and/or syndromes in the patient was noted. To plan the extractions, a Cone-Beam Computed Tomography was performed, which verified the surgical risk of some elements, due to the proximity of noble structures, thus opting for follow-up and evaluation of further intervention. Other elements were extracted under local anesthesia, in two stages, without major complications. From this case report, it can be concluded that early diagnosis allows relating clinical, imaging and systemic features consistent with syndromes, especially craniofacial syndromes. Moreover, it is up to the dental surgeon to intervene at the right time, avoiding invasive procedures that may lead to iatrogenesis.