Biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of novel tricalcium silicate-based materials in human dental pulp stem cells: Advancing vital pulp therapies

BD-XP exhibits superior cytocompatibility and promotes osteo/odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). BD-XP significantly enhances the upregulation of osteo/odontogenic markers such as ALP and DSPP, and promotes calcified nodule formation more effectively than MTA-Ang and Ther-PT. The high calcium ion content of BD-XP plays a key role in its ability to promote cellular adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization, making it a highly effective material for regenerative dental applications. These findings provide strong evidence to support the use of Biodentine XP in regenerative dental therapies, particularly in vital pulp treatments, where enhanced cellular adhesion and mineralization are critical for clinical success.