ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ РОСЛИН РОДУ PENTAPHYLLOIDES DUHAM У МЕДИЦИНІ ТА ФАРМАЦІЇ

An analysis of literary sources on botanical features, chemical composition, pharmacological activity of plants of the genus Pentaphylloides DUHAM, prospects for their further study and use in medicine and pharmacy was carried out. Analytical, bibliographic methods, historical and systematic review were used. Sources of information on the growth area, botanical features, content of biologically active substances and pharmacological activity were investigated and analyzed, and distinctive features of species of the genus Pentaphylloides DUHAM were described. Medicinal plant raw materials have been used for thousands of years in the treatment and prevention of many diseases. The unique combination of biologically active substances, effectiveness in treatment, low toxicity allows preparations from plant raw materials to be relevant, and medicinal plants - promising in the study for the creation of new drugs. Genus Pentaphylloides DUHAM belongs to the Rosaceae family, which has up to 100 genera and more than 3,000 species of cosmopolitan distribution. The botanical feature of the Rosaceae family is the following: the leaves are mostly alternate, rarely opposite; flowers are usually bisexual, rarely same-sex, regular, single or collected in inflorescences of different types. Fruits are diverse - larch, seed, bone, often prefabricated fruits, or, due to the growth of the ovary with a overgrown flower, fake fruits are formed. Species of the genus Pentaphylloides DUHAM are characterized by a single bloom of flowers of various sexual types. The duration of flowering of an individual flower ranges from 6 hours to 2 days and depends on the temperature and humidity of the air. Species of the genus Pentaphylloides DUHAM reproduce well both by seeds and by cuttings, rather frost-resistant. In the culture of the first year of life of individuals, flowering occurs when the vegetative sphere has already fully formed. To date, five species of the genus Pentaphylloides DUHAM have been studied, namely: Pentaphylloides fruticosa (L.) O. Schwarz, Pentaphylloides phyllocalyx Juz., Pentaphylloides parvifolia (Fisch) Juz., Pentaphylloides dryadanthoides Juz. and Pentaphylloides davurica (Nestl.) Kom. The main signs by which species differ are leaf size, leaf venation, leaf cover, flower color and plant habitus. In medicine and pharmacy, Pentaphylloides fruticosa (L.) O. Schwarz is used, other species of the Pentaphylloides DUHAM are used mainly as decorative. A comparative analysis of the species characteristics of plants of the genus Pentaphylloides DUHAM was carried out according to herbarium samples and literature data. Distinctive features that contribute to the identification of a particular species have been identified, including the shape, placement of leaves, size and color of flowers. It is determined that among the five species of the genus Pentaphylloides DUHAM, Pentaphylloides fruticosa (L.) O. Schwarz has the greatest prospect of application in medicine and pharmacy. Pentaphylloides fruticosa (L.) O. Schwarz is a source of valuable bioactive compounds that provide a wide range of pharmacological properties: antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, etc.