A Study on the Impact of ESG Performance on Liquidity Risk in Commercial Banks

在2030年实现碳达峰、2060年实现碳中和的背景下，ESG理念顺应我国可持续发展战略，商业银行作为金融体系的重要组成部分，肩负推动绿色金融的责任。良好的ESG表现有助于促进企业与环境的协调发展，并为实现“双碳”目标提供金融支持。然而，银行以盈利为目标，过度追求收益往往会增加流动性风险。因此，探讨ESG表现对商业银行流动性风险的影响及其内在机理，具有重要意义。本文以中国38家银行为研究对象，系统梳理了其ESG表现与流动性风险的关系，并进行了实证研究。通过引入中介变量，本文进一步探讨了ESG绩效对商业银行流动性风险的作用机理。实践结果表明，银行的ESG表现与流动性风险之间存在显著的负相关关系，为防控流动性风险、促进经济可持续发展提供了理论支持。Against the backdrop of achieving a carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, the ESG concept is in line with China’s sustainable development strategy. As an important part of the financial system, commercial banks have the responsibility to promote green finance. Good ESG performance can help promote the coordinated development of enterprises and the environment, and provide financial support for the realization of the “dual-carbon” goal. However, as banks aim to make profits, excessive pursuit of returns often increases liquidity risk. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the impact of ESG performance on the liquidity risk of commercial banks and its underlying mechanisms. This paper takes 38 Chinese banks as research subjects, systematically combs the relationship between their ESG performance and liquidity risk, and conducts an empirical study. By introducing mediating variables, this paper further explores the mechanism of ESG performance on commercial banks’ liquidity risk. The empirical results show that there is a significant negative correlation between banks’ ESG performance and liquidity risk, which provides theoretical support for preventing and controlling liquidity risk and promoting sustainable economic development.