Serum Levels of FABP4 and Fetuin-A as Potential Biomarkers in Thyroid Diseases: A Comparative Study

Background: Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) moves lipids inside cells. Fetuin-A is a liver-derived glycoprotein that prevents vascular calcification. Recent studies link higher serum levels of both proteins to metabolic syndrome, suggesting a risk for metabolic issues. Objectives: To explore the roles of FABP4 and Fetuin-A as biomarkers in thyroid diseases. The outcomes of this research have important ramifications for both prevention and treatment methods. Approach: Methods: For this specific research, a case-control study methodology was employed, comprising a newly diagnosed 120 thyroid disease patients. 30 healthy controls were age- and gender-matched to these patients. Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, fetuin-A and FABP4 concentrations were assessed. Results: Individuals with thyroid diseases showed significantly elevated levels of both biomarkers compared to the healthy control group (p<0.001). This observation was significant in terms of its sensitivity and specificity. Additionally, a solid correlation between FABP4 and fetuin-A was found, with a correlation coefficient of r=0.8199 and a significance of p=0.000. Conclusions: Based on these findings, FABP4 and fetuin-A may be crucial in metabolic irregularities linked to thyroid dysfunction.