Effects of LDD1 compost and chemical fertilizer on the growth, yield and antioxidant activity of Chrysanthemum indicum L.

Chrysanthemum, one of the most valuable crops and medicinal plants, is increasingly cultivated for its pharmacological benefits. The combination of LDD1 compost and chemical fertilizer showed the highest number of flowers, which was significantly greater than other treatments. Additionally, LDD1 compost alone resulted in the highest dry root weight. The antioxidant activity of bioactive compounds extracted from dried chrysanthemum flowers was evaluated by measuring total flavonoids, phenolics, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity. Although the flavonoid and phenolic contents did not significantly differ among the treatments, fertilization led to significantly higher antioxidant activity compared to non-fertilized plants. The study highlighted the potential of using LDD1 compost, or a combination of LDD1 compost and chemical fertilizer at half the rate, to promote vigorous growth, high yields, and enhanced antioxidant activity. This approach helps to reduce the reliance on chemical fertilizers.