Analysis of changes in the indicators of the oncological service for prostate cancer in Kazakhstan

Objective: to evaluate some indicators (morbidity, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification) of the oncological service for prostate cancer in Kazakhstan for 2006-2020.Methods. This study mainly used a retrospective approach based on descriptive and analytical methods of biomedical statistics.Results. From 2006 to 2020, 15.120 new cases of prostate cancer were registered in the Republic of Kazakhstan; the average annual incidence rate increased from 8.1 to 10.40/0000, which is statistically significant. Mortality from prostate cancer did not show a significant increase, remaining at the level of 4.50/0000 in 2006 and 4.70/0000 in 2020. Trend analysis showed an increase in the incidence from stage I–II and a decrease from stage III, while the incidence from stage IV increased significantly. The proportion of patients with stage I–II increased from 36.6% to 51.6%, stage III decreased from 46.3% to 23.6%, and stage IV increased from 16.9% to 24.8%. Morphological verification of prostate cancer also improved, reaching 94.3% in 2020.Conclusion. In the context of the investigation, a notable escalation in both the occurrence and fatality rates of prostate cancer has been observed. This rise in early-stage occurrences concurrently coincides with a surge in belated diagnoses, emphasizing the imperative for continued endeavors in the realms of prevention, screening, and therapeutic interventions concerning this malignancy.Keywords: prostate cancer, incidence, mortality, early diagnosis, neglect, morphological verification.