Development of pricing policy for car parking in Ukrainian cities

The purpose of the paper is to develop effective approaches to improving hourly parking pricing policies in Ukraine, considering both local and international best practices. The paper poses the following research problem: how to design a parking pricing system that efficiently manages demand, reduces urban congestion, and aligns with sustainable development goals. The paper poses the following hypothesis: performance-based pricing, incorporating factors such as parking demand, duration, and purchasing power, is more effective in managing urban parking resources than traditional fixed-rate systems. The research presented in the paper fills a research niche in the field by addressing the lack of dynamic pricing models in Ukrainian cities and their integration with broader urban planning and post-war reconstruction efforts. The study analyzed parking prices in Ukraine and selected European countries, both in nominal terms and adjusted for the purchasing power index, highlighting significant disparities and the need for localized solutions. The main conclusions of the research are that dynamic pricing strategies, supported by advanced technologies such as smart parking meters and automated data collection systems, can enhance the efficiency of parking management. Such approaches not only optimize parking space turnover but also influence driver behavior, contributing to reduced congestion and emissions. However, their implementation requires substantial financial and human resources, which are currently limited in Ukraine. As such, broader application of these strategies may only become feasible after the completion of the war and with increased involvement of international donors. The findings provide a foundation for improving parking pricing policies in Ukraine, particularly in the context of urban logistics and sustainable development.