Thermal Bridges in Building Inclosing Structures and Their Influence on the Amount of Heat Loss

One of the innovative directions of construction of the 21st century is energy-efficient construction, which means providing maximum thermal comfort in buildings with minimal energy costs. Thermal energy, which is obtained as a result of burning fossil heating (natural gas, coal, liquid heating) and is further used for heating buildings, is important among these costs. Thermal energy for heating in buildings can be reduced, or at least reduced to zero, not only by using energy-efficient heating systems, but also by designing the building shell in such a way that it maximizes their thermal resistance and minimizes their heat losses. Important places of heat loss in modern buildings are heat-conducting inserts located in constructions, which are known as thermal or cold bridges in construction technology. Heat loss from thermal bridges sometimes reaches (40-50)% of total heat loss. Therefore, during the construction of the building, we should try to minimize the number of these thermal bridges, or at least eliminate them completely with good insulation. The article discusses the main types of geometric thermal bridges in buildings and their influence on heat losses of buildings.