ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN ALMATY BASED ON INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

The growth of urbanization and the increase in the volume of solid household waste (MSW) in Almaty require the introduction of an effective waste management system consistent with the principles of sustainable development. This study is aimed at analyzing the foreign experience of solid waste disposal (South Korea, Japan, Great Britain), identifying successful practices and adapting them to the conditions of Almaty. The methodology includes comparative analysis, assessment of economic, environmental and social factors, as well as modeling of a possible waste management system. The study identified key elements of effective waste recycling and disposal strategies, such as digitalization, separate collection, incentive measures, and public-private partnerships. The result of the work is the development of an optimal MSW management model for Almaty, taking into account local conditions, which includes legislative regulation mechanisms, technological innovations and public awareness raising. The implementation of the proposed system will reduce the burden on the environment and increase the efficiency of waste disposal within the framework of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG No. 12).