ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF MINING ENTERPRISES IN THE AKTOBE REGION ON THE ENVIRONMENT (USING THE EXAMPLE OF CHROMIUM DEPOSITS)

Remote sensing (ERS) is a powerful tool for exploring quarries and assessing their environmental impact. This method provides extensive capabilities for monitoring, mapping and analyzing changes caused by mining activities. The mining industry has a significant negative impact on the environment, especially quarrying, which leads to landscape changes, contamination of water sources and deterioration of soils. In the Aktobe region of Western Kazakhstan, the mining of chromite ores around the city of Khromtau causes serious environmental problems. The study is aimed at improving the methodology for assessing the technogenic impact of a deposit near the city of Khromtau using Earth remote sensing (ERS) data. The study was based on field research conducted in 2012…2020 and data from мен Landsat-5ТМ (1986 y) and Landsat-8 OLI (2023 y) satellite images. Analysis of satellite images made it possible to identify and map zones of technogenic impact, assess environmental risks and determine the scale of anthropogenic disturbances. For more than 30 years, the area of quarries and disturbed areas has increased significantly, which negatively affects the ecological state of the city of Khromtau and its environs. Heavy metals such as chromium tend to bioaccumulate, which is hazardous to human health and the environment. The use of remote sensing allows you to quickly obtain up-to-date information for monitoring and managing the environmental condition, which helps improve the quality of life and preserve natural resources. The use of remote sensing in the study of quarries of chromite deposits allows not only to identify the scale and nature of technogenic impact, but also to propose measures to mitigate negative consequences for the environment.