Optimization and experimental analysis of multi-path sweet potato transplanter device

The low accuracy of the tracks is crucial problem in the development of the sweet potato industry. This paper optimizes a previously designed multi-track transplanting device for the multi-track transplanting of potato seedlings. The performed optimization is based on theoretical analysis, DEM-MBD coupling simulation, and field test, allowing to increase the accuracy of potato seedling transplanting. Kinematic analysis of the transplanted robotic arm is conducted to combine the single-factor test with the reference trajectory size characteristics. To study the impacts of the seedling claw length and initial angle on the transplanting trajectory, the following optimal parameter combination is determined: rod length of 0.4 m and initial angle seedling claw of 35°. A many-body kinetic model of transplanting is developed using the DEM-MBD coupled simulation method. Field experiments are then conducted to study the impact of the soil particles on the transplanting mode and position change of potato seedlings. In these experiments, an operation speed of 0.2 m/s and a seedling leakage length of 50 mm are adopted. The obtained results show that the qualified rates of oblique and horizontal transplanting are 96.8% and 96.9%, respectively. This study provides a reference for the development and optimization of sweet potato transplanting machinery.