S-Shape Polarization Insensitive Metamaterial Absorber for SAR Reduction at 3.5 GHz

A polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorber with an S-shaped structure is proposed to reduce the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) at 3.5 GHz. This absorber exhibits single-negative (SNG) metamaterial characteristics and achieves an absorption rate of over $\mathbf{9 0 \%}$ for all electromagnetic polarization angles. In the era of 5G, numerous applications operate at various frequency ranges, emitting substantial amounts of electromagnetic (EM) energy that have elevated SAR values. This radiation impacts the human body, particularly the head and hands, which are most exposed. In Malaysia, a frequency band of 3.5 GHz has been designated for 5G communication. However, this has led to the emission of undesirable signals due to high SAR values. To address this issue, the proposed absorber will be implemented to reduce SAR levels. Additionally, we have included an ADS equivalent circuit to solidify our results.