Mathematical Models Development of Intracellular Fluid with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis

This paper describes mathematical models for intracellular fluid (ICF) of the human body based on a non-invasive way termed as bioelectrical impedance analysis. A total of 1455 (male $=720$, female $=735$) participants have been considered for developing the models and 1362 (male = 677, female $=685$) participants for the validation of the models. Single-frequency (1 MHz) bioelectrical impedance analysis has been utilized as the method for ICF estimation. Two new mathematical models have been developed for both males and females and further verified statistically. Model validation revealed a correlation coefficient for males and females of 0.995 and 0.990 respectively, which aligns excellent matching with actual data. Besides, the validated models show less root mean square value (RMSE), and the bland atman plot shows that the errors are within the 95% limits of the agreement interval. In comparison to the results of prior models, it becomes evident that the proposed model offers a more precise measurement of intracellular fluid (ICF) than its predecessors.